Expansion, Backup Plus, One TouchThe portables, and the bulk of what we get sent. A 2.5in disk, a plastic shell, and a USB board soldered onto it — there is no SATA connector hiding behind the case to fall back on. When one of these ticks it is the heads, and the answer is donor parts and a slow copy.
Barracuda and FireCudaThe disks inside desktops and games machines. A Barracuda is the ordinary 3.5in drive, and the bigger ones lay their tracks overlapping, so a copy runs for days rather than hours. FireCuda is two products under one name: a hybrid disk with flash bolted on, and a plain NVMe SSD. They fail differently, so the model number settles it.
IronWolf, SkyHawk, ExosThe drives built for one job. IronWolf sits in NAS boxes, SkyHawk in CCTV recorders, Exos in servers. When one fails you are usually looking at an array or a recorder, not a lone disk.
The firmware areaEvery Seagate keeps its own settings on the platters, including the map from a block number to a place on the disk. Break that and a healthy drive says 0GB, or gives a name that is not its own, or spins up and says nothing at all. No program on your PC can reach it, because the drive never gets that far. It is repaired over a serial connection at the bench.